PLATINUM RECOVERY FROM USED AUTO CATALYSTS: DISSOLUTION AND PRECIPITATION STUDIES

Angela M. KASZA; Gabriel KATONA; Monica DAN; Cezara VOICA; Oana GRAD; Maria MIHEȚ; Tibor DEZSO; Ruben NAGY; Tihamer BOTS; Mihaela Diana LAZǍR

doi:10.24193/subbambientum.2021.03

Authors

Angela M. KASZA National Institute for Research & Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies – INCDTIM, 67–103 Donat Str., 400293 Cluj–Napoca, Romania.
Gabriel KATONA SC Union Co SRL, Str. Tăietura Turcului 47, Parc Tetarom I, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3508-0023
Monica DAN National Institute for Research & Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies – INCDTIM, 67–103 Donat Str., 400293 Cluj–Napoca, Romania. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1678-229X
Cezara VOICA National Institute for Research & Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies – INCDTIM, 67–103 Donat Str., 400293 Cluj–Napoca, Romania.
Oana GRAD National Institute for Research & Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies – INCDTIM, 67–103 Donat Str., 400293 Cluj–Napoca, Romania. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-970X
Maria MIHEȚ National Institute for Research & Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies – INCDTIM, 67–103 Donat Str., 400293 Cluj–Napoca, Romania. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3548-2789
Tibor DEZSO SC Union Co SRL, Str. Tăietura Turcului 47, Parc Tetarom I, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Ruben NAGY SC Union Co SRL, Str. Tăietura Turcului 47, Parc Tetarom I, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Tihamer BOTS SC Union Co SRL, Str. Tăietura Turcului 47, Parc Tetarom I, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Mihaela Diana LAZǍR National Institute for Research & Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies – INCDTIM, 67–103 Donat Str., 400293 Cluj–Napoca, Romania. *Corresponding author: diana.lazar@itim-cj.ro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-1324

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24193/subbambientum.2021.03

Keywords:

Spent automotive catalyst, Pt recovery, (HCl H₂O₂) leaching, precipitation.

Abstract

Noble metals are used in a plethora of applications, from electronic and communication equipments, to aerospacial engines, mobile phones and catalytic convertors. Currently, there is a continuous interest in the recovery of noble metals from waste, as their natural reserves are limited. Herein, the paper presents studies on the recovery of platinum from spent automotive catalysts. The process involves two steps - dissolving of platinum, followed by its precipitation into a hexacloroplatinum complex. The optimum reaction conditions for dissolving Pt from the spent automotive catalyst use a mixture of H₂O₂ + HCl (1:5.5 molar ratio) at 30°C, for 8 h. For the full recovery of platinum from the solution, the volumetric ratio of 4:1 between the platinum solution and the precipitating ammonium chloride solution is optimum. In addition, studies regarding the precipitation time and temperature have also been performed. All the obtained precipitates were analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction and showed the structure of the hexachloroplatinic (NH₄)₂[PtCl₆] complex, with high purity. Upscaling of the processes for technological transfer show promising results in the recovery of platinum from spent automotive catalysts.

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