Biorecovery of a Model Oil-Polluted Soil after Exposure to Solutions of Typical Salts Found in Irrigation Water
Keywords:
biorecovery, bioremediation, hydrocarbon, irrigation, salinity.Abstract
The enhanced biorecovery of a model oil-polluted soil by soil wetting with solutions of typical salts found in irrigation waters was investigated. Garden soil was sampled from a selected location of predetermined weed composition for the purposes of determining soil seed bank composition. The air-dried soil was immediately polluted with spent lubricating oil (SLO) to obtain a constant 5% w/w concentration of oil in soil and emptied into wide bowls of 65 cm diameter, and 32 cm in height and set up in a screen house. Aliquots of 2.5 g of each Ca2SO4, (SCA) MgSO4, (SMG) Na2SO4 (SNA) and K2SO4 (SKA) were weighed into distilled water to obtain constant 0.025 g/l salt solution. Distilled water served as the control (CTR). The oil-polluted soils were wetted with 1500 ml of control or salt solution. The experiment lasted for three months, after which study showed that there was reduction in total poly Aromatic volatile Hydrocarbon (24111.44 ppm) at the start of the experiment to 5.54 ppm. Compared to the control experiment, reduction in the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), reduction in TPH was highest in SNA, being 97.02% remediation efficiency, compared to 72.44% in the SNS treatment. Bacterial species identified during the study included Corynebacterium kutsceri, Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Bacillus lichenifomis and Staphylococcus spp., whereas fungi species included Penicillium spp., Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium spp. The abundance of the weed Mariscus alterenifolios in SCA (24), SMG (13), and CTR (20) may indicate a favoured environment for growth. Regeneration efficiency (RE) of weeds in the treated and control soils 62.5% by Anelima aequinotiale in CTR, 50% in SCA, and 12.5% in SNA.
References
Amadi, A., Abbey, S.A., Nma, A. (1996) Chronic effect of oil spill on soil properties and microflora of a rainforest ecosystem in Nigeria, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 86, 1 – 11
Bandyopadhyay, B.K., Bandyopadhyay, A.K. (1983) Effect of salinity on mineralization and immobilization of nitrogen in a coastal saline soil of west Bengal, India J. Agric., 27, 41-50
Beales, N. (2004) Adaptation of microorganisms to cold temperatures, weak acid preservatives, low pH, and osmotic stress, a review, Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 3 (1), 1 - 20
Burdman, S., Okon, Y., Jurkevitch, E. (2000) Surface characteristics of Azospirillum brasilense in relation to cell aggregation and attachment to plant roots, Crit. Rev. Microbiol., 26(2), 91 – 110
Cheesebrough, M. (1998) District laboratory practice in tropical countries, part II (Microbiology), Cambridgeshire Tropical Health Technology, Cambridge, UK
Choudhary, O.P., Josan, A.S., Bajwa, M.S., Kapur, M.I. (2004) Effect of sustained sodic and saline-sodic irrigation and application of gypsum and farm yard manure on yield and quality of sugarcane under semiarid conditions, Field Crops Res., 87, 103-116
Chowdhury, N., Marschner, P., Burns, R.G. (2011) Soil microbial activity and community composition, impact of changes in matric and osmotic potential, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43(6), 1229 - 1236
Cowan, S.T., Steele, K.J. (1974) Manual for Identification of Medical Bacteria, 2nd Ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 216
Dale, P., Repekine, J., Levrnskaite, L., Lugauskas, A. (2006) Growth and metal accumulation ability of plants on soil polluted with Cu, Zn and Pb, Ekologija, 1,48-52
Dean, J.R., Xiong, G. (2000) Extraction of organic pollutants from environmental matrices, selection of extraction technique, Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 19(9), 553–564
Defreitas, J.R., Germida, J.J. (1992) Growth promotion of winter wheat Pseudomonas fluorescent under growth chamber conditions, Soil Biol. Biochem., 24, 1127 – 1135
Eman, A.D. (2008) Phytoremediation of oil contaminated desert soil using the rhizosphere effects, Department of plant Ecology and ranges, Environmental Pollution Research unit; DRC, Egypt Global Journal of Environmental Research, 2 (2), 66-73
Essien, O.E., John, I.A. (2010) Impact of crude-oil spillage pollution and chemical remediation on agricultural soil properties and crop growth, Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 14(4),147-154
Frankenberger, J.W.T., Arshad, M. (1995) Microbial synthesis of auxins. In, Frankenberger, W.T., Arshad, M. (eds) Phytohormones in Soils, Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 35–71
Gennari, M., Abbate, C., La Porta, V., Baglieri, A., Cignetti, A. (2007) Microbial response to Na2SO4 additions in a volcanic soil, Arid Land Research and Management, 21(3), 211-227
Hagemann, M. (2011) Molecular biology of cyanobacterial salt acclimation, Fems Microbiology Reviews, 35(1), 87-123
Ibekwe, A.M., Poss, J.A., Grattan, S.R., Grieve, C.M., Suarez, D. (2010) Bacterial diversity in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) rhizosphere in response to salinity, soil pH, and boron, Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 42(4), 567-575
Ikhajiagbe, B. (2010) Synergism in Bioremediation: phytoassessment of Waste Engine Oil-polluted soils after Amendment and Bioaugmentation, LAP Lambert Academic Publishing Koln, Germany, pp. 276
Ikhajiagbe, B., Anoliefo, G.O., Oshomoh, E.O., Agbonroenrien, B. (2013) Effects of watering regimes on the intrinsic qualities of bioremediated waste engine oil-polluted soil, Annual Review and Research in Biology, 3(2), 107-123
Kloepper, J.W., Beauchamp, C.J. (1992) A review of issues related to measuring of plant roots by bacteria, Can. J. Microbiol., 38, 1219–1232
Lauchli, A., Epstein, E. (1990) Plant responses to saline and sodic conditions, In: Agric. Salinity Assessment & Mgt. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers, Tanji, K. K. (ed.), New York
Lazarovits, G., Norwak, J. (1997) Rhizobacteria for improvement of plant growth and establishment, Hortic. Sci., 32, 188–192
Lee, K., Levy, E.M. (1991) Bioremediation: Waxy Crude oils stranded on low energy shorelines, In: Proceeding of the 1991 Oil Spill conference, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C.
Levy, G.J., Sharshekeev, N., Zhuravskaya, G.L. (2002) Water quality and sodicity effect on soil bulk density and conductivity in interrupted flow, Soil Sci., 167, 692-700
Lindberg, T., Granhall, U., Tomenius, H. (1985) Infectivity and acetylene reduction of diazotrophic rhizosphere bacteria in wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings under gnotobiotic conditions, Biol. Fertil. Soil, 1, 123–129
Llamas, D.P., Gonzales, M.D., Gonzales, C.I., Lopez, G.R., Marquina, J.C. (2008) Effects of water potential on spore germination and viability of Fusarium species, Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, 35(11), 1411- 1418
Mandeel, Q.A. (2006) Biodiversity of the genus Fusarium in saline soil habitats, Journal of Basic Microbiology, 46(6), 480-494
Merkl, N., Schultze-Kraft, R., Arias, M. (2005) Influence of fertilizer levels on phytoremediation of crude oil-contaminated soils with the tropical pasture grass Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) Stapf., International Journal of Phytoremediation, 7, 217-230
Odugwu, E.C., Onianwa, A.T. (1987) Environmental Impact Assessment – A Case Study of Utorogu 1984 16 Delivery Line Spillage, Proceedings of International Seminar on Petroleum Industries of the Nigeria Environment, pp. 228 – 301
Oren, A. (1999) Bioenergetic aspects of halophilism, Microbiol. Molec. Biol. Rev., 65, 334-348
Pankhurst, C.E., Yu, S., Hawke, B.G., Harch, B.D. (2001) Capacity of fatty acid profiles and substrate utilization patters to describe differences in soil microbial communities associated with increased salinity or alkalinity at three locations in South Australia, Biol. Fertil. Soils., 33, 204-217
Pathak, H., Rao, D.L.N. (1998) Carbon and nitrogen mineralization from added organic matter in saline and alkali soils, Soil Biol. Biochem., 30, 695–702
Sardinha, M., Muller, T., Schmeisky, H., Joergensen, R.G. (2003) Microbial performance in soils along a salinity gradient under acidic conditions, Appl. Soil Ecol., 23, 237-244
Schimel, J.P., Balser, T.C.,Wallenstein, M. (2007) Microbial stress response physiology and its implications for ecosystem function, Ecology, 88(6), 1386 - 1394
Sharma, B.R., Minhas, P.S. (2005) Strategies for management saline/alkali waters for sustainable agricultural production in South Asia, Agric. Water Mgt., 78, 136-151
Wichern, J., Wichern, F., Joergensen, R.G. (2006) Impacto of salinity on soil microbial communities and the decomposition of maize in acidic soils, Geoderma, 137 (1-2), 100-108
Wollenweber, B., Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S. (1989) Nitrogen fixation and nitrogen assimilation in a temperate saline ecosystem, Botanica Acta, 102, 96-105
Wu, S.C., Caob, Z.H., Lib, Z.G., Cheunga, K.C., Wong, M.H. (2005) Effects of biofertilizer containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth: a greenhouse trial, Geoderma, 125, 155–166
Yuan, B. -C., Li, Z. -Z., Liu, H., Gao, M., Zhang, Y. -Y. (2007) Microbial biomass and activity in salt affected soils under arid conditions, Applied Soil Ecology, 35(2), 319 - 328
Zahran, Z. (1997) Diversity, adaptation and activity of the bacterial flora in saline environments, Biology and Fertility of Soils, 25(3), 211– 223
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Biologia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
