Strategies to improve the efficacy of curcumin in colorectal cancer treatment
Keywords:
CRC, curcumin, cytotoxic actions, nanoformulations.Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a severe type of disease, in which surgical therapy complemented by radio- or chemotherapy, is hindered by the chemoresistance or secondary effects. Due to the complex and dynamic interactions in tumor microenvironment, there is constant need in designing new anti-cancer strategies that simultaneously target directly cancer cells development and indirectly the pro-tumor processes mediated by the crosstalk of cells in tumor milieu. Curcumin, is a natural, biological safe polyphenol, with anti-tumor, pro-apoptotic and immunomodulatory actions in a wide spectrum of neoplasia including colorectal cancer. Specifically, its ability to orchestrate the processes associated with tumorigenesis such as cancer cell proliferation, metabolism, angiogenesis, inflammation, oxidative stress and immunosuppression, has been largely documented, but insufficiently exploited. However its use in preclinical and clinical studies is hindered due to low solubility in aqueous environments, poor absorption, instability and high rate of degradation. In this article we review the existing data on the anti-tumor actions of curcumin in colorectal cancer and potential strategies aiming at enhancing its efficacy in the treatment of this disease. Due to its ability to both prevent and treat colorectal cancer, by modulating multiple targets, active delivery of curcumin or curcumin analogues combined with other chemotherapeutic agents, is a promising therapeutic approach for this type of cancer, with minimal toxicity to healthy tissues.
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