BLOCK PERIODIZATION IN SPEED SKATING: EFFECT OF 4 WEEKS ON MAXIMUM FORCE AND POWER IN JUNIORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24193/subbeag.64(4).32Keywords:
1RM, vertical jump, maximum power, maximum strength.Abstract
Background: Block periodization has experienced a renewed interest in sports specialists due to proven efficiency in recent years with significant implications for optimizing the training programme by improving the methodology used. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of block periodization of the force program by combining traditional resistance training with pliometric exercises and induced changes to maximum force and power and its mean, in lower body, in junior speed skaters. Materials and Methods: Twelve subjects participated in this study, experiment group (PB) (n = 6) 17.51 ± 1.1 years (1) block periodization, focusing on alternative development of force and power and control (C) (n = 6) 17.89 ± 1.8 years, (2) linear periodization, focusing on the simultaneous development of force and power. Results: This indicate a significant increase in total weight lifted (P = 0.04), in (1RM) test during a back squat for both tested groups (PB = 19.6%; C = 10.4%), with a significant difference between this two. For the mean power measured in jump squat, a significant difference was observed between the pre and post-test period (P = 0.02), where the group (PB) had an increase of + 25.3% and (C) a decrease by-15.7%. Conclusions: The present study suggests that the block periodization of resistance training induces superior adaptations to the three studied variables respectively, maximum force and power and its mean in experiment group comparable to the control one that has followed a linear periodization, despite the similar volume and intensity.
REZUMAT. Periodizarea în bloc în patinajul viteză: efectul a 4 săptămâni de forță asupra forței și puterii maxime la juniori. Introducere: Periodizarea în bloc revine în atenția specialiștilor din domeniu datorita eficienței demonstrate în ultimii ani cu implicații semnificative pentru optimizarea programului de pregătire prin îmbunătățirea metodologiei utilizate. Obiective: Scopul acestui studiu a fost să investigheze efectul periodizării în bloc a programului de forță prin combinarea antrenamentului de forță tradițional cu exerciții pliometrice și modificările induse asupra forței și puterii maxime și media acesteia, la nivelul trenului inferior, la patinatorii de viteză juniori. Material și metode: Doisprezece subiecți au participat în acest studiu, experiment (PB) (n = 6) 17.51 ± 1.1 ani (1) periodizare în bloc, cu accent pe dezvoltarea alternativă a forței și puterii și (C) (n = 6) 17.89 ± 1.8 ani, (2) periodizare liniară, cu accent pe dezvoltarea simultană a forței și puterii. Rezultate: Acestea indică o creștere semnificativă a greutății totale ridicate (P = 0.04), la testul (1RM) în timpul unei semi-genuflexiuni cu bara în spate pentru ambele grupe testate (PB = 19.6%; C = 10,4%), cu o diferență semnificativă între cele două. Pentru media puterii testate la proba săritura în înălțime, s-a observat o diferență semnificativă între perioada pre și post testare (P = 0.02), unde grupul (PB) a avut o creștere cu +25.3% și (C) o scădere cu -15.7%. Concluzii: Studiul prezent sugerează faptul că periodizarea în bloc a antrenamentului de forță induce adaptări superioare la nivelul celor trei variabile studiate respectiv forță și putere maximă și mediei acesteia la grupul experiment comparabil cu grupul control care au urmat o periodizare liniară, în ciuda volumului și intensității similare.
Cuvinte cheie: 1RM, săritura în înălțime, putere maximă, forță maximă.
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