PHYSIQUE, BODY COMPOSITION AND AEROBIC PERFORMANCE OF MALE TEACHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

Zsolt SZAKÁLY; Zsuzsanna LISZKAI; Balázs LENGVÁRI; István JANKOV; József BOGNÁR; Balázs FÜGEDI

Authors

Zsolt SZAKÁLY Szechenyi István University, Faculty of Apáczai Csere János, Győr, Hungary. szakaly.zsolt@sze.hu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4802-3247
Zsuzsanna LISZKAI Technical and Vocational Training Centre, Győr, Pattantyús-Ábrahám Géza Technical School, Győr, Hungary. liszkai.zsuzsanna@sze.hu
Balázs LENGVÁRI Szechenyi István University, Faculty of Apáczai Csere János, Győr, Hungary
István JANKOV Veresegyház VSK Triatlon Section, Veresegyház, Hungary. istvan.jankov@smartme.hu
József BOGNÁR University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary. bognar@tf.hu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5982-7833
Balázs FÜGEDI University of West Hungary, Savaria Campus, Szombathely, Hungary. fugedi.balazs@uni-eszterhazy.hu

Keywords:

teacher education, male students, physique, body composition, aerobic performance

Abstract

Students in teacher education programs will have all sorts of assignments related to education at the public school setting, so it is important for them to carry a healthy active way of life and become a role model in this area as well. The aim of our survey was to characterize the status of physique, body composition and aerobic performance of male teacher education students at the beginning of their first year in program and at the end. All first year male students were selected at the teacher training program at Apáczai Csere János Faculty, University of West Hungary (N=102). Results in most areas were within a normal adult range. There were no difference in the physique characteristics between students in general teaching program and students in PE and sport program (Height, Weight, Metric and Plastic Index), but there were significant difference in body composition and Cooper-test results. The results did not change significantly over the year. It would be important to support teacher education students with scheduled and professional health-related training program based upon their individual needs and expectations towards healthy active living.

References

Aberg, M.A., Pedersen, N.L., Torén, K., Svartengren, M., Bäckstrand, B., Johnsson, T., & Kuhn, H.G. (2009). Cardiovascular fitness is associated with cognition in young adulthood. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(49), 20906-20911.

Anderssen, S.A., Cooper, A.R., Riddoch, C., Sardinha, L.B., Harro, M., Brage, S., & Andersen, L.B. (2007). Low cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong predictor for clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children independent of country, age and sex. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, 14(4), 526-531.

Barabás A. (1988). A futó- erőállóképesség hazai referencia értékei. [Reference values of running endurance in Hungary] Testnevelés és Sporttudomány. 4. 168-175.

Blair, S.N., & Brodney, S. (1999). Effects of physical inactivity and obesity on morbidity and mortality: current evidence and research issues. Med. Sci. Sports. Exerc. 31(11suppl) 646.

Blanchfield, A.W., Hardy, J., De Morree, H. M., Staiano, W., & Marcora, S. M. (2014). Talking yourself out of exhaustion: the effects of self-talk on endurance performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 46(5), 998-1007.

Bodzsár, É. (1999). Humánbiológia. [Humanbiology] Budapest :ELTE Ötvös Kiadó,. 88-89.

Bodzsár, É.B. (1998). Secular growth changes in Hungary. In: Bodzsar, É. B., Susanne, C. (Eds.): Secular changes in Europe. Budapest: Eötvös University Press, 175-205.

Bouchard, C. (1991). Genetic aspects of anthropometric dimensions relevant to assessment of nutritional status. In: Himes, J. (Ed.): Anthropometric assessment of nutritional status. New York: Alan R. Liss, 213-231.

Carter, J.E.L., & Heath, B.H. (1990). Somatotyping Development and Applications. Cambridge, New York: University Press.

Catenacci, V. A., & Wyatt, H. R. (2007). The role of physical activity in producing and maintaining weight loss. Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism, 3(7), 518-529.

Conrad, K. (1963). Der Konstitutionstypus. 2. Berlin: Auflage. Springer.

Cooper, K.H. (1968). A means of assessing maximal oxygen intake. JAMA. 203, 135-138

Cooper, K.H. (1982). The aerobics program for total well-being. New York: M. Evans and Co. Inc.

Cooper, K.H.(1970). The new aerobics. New York: M. Evans and Co. Inc.

Degens, H., et al. (2013). Relationship between ventilatory function and age in master athletes and a sedentary reference population. Age, 35(3), 1007-1015.

Drinkwater, D.T., & Ross, W.D. (1980): Anthropometric fractionation of body mass. In: Ostyn,M. Beunen, G. and Simons, J. (Eds.): Kinanthropometry II. Baltimore: University Park Press.

Duncan, G. E., et al. (2005). Prescribing exercise at varied levels of intensity and frequency: a randomized trial. Archives of internal medicine,165(20), 2362-2369.

Eiben, O.G. (1985). The Körmend growth study: Somatotypes. Humanbiologia Budapestinensis, 16: 37-52.

Farrell, SW., Kampert, J.B., Kohl, H.W., Barlow, C.E., Macera, C.A., Paffenbarger, RS. Jr, Gibbons, LW., & Blair, SN. (1998). Influences of cardiorespiratory fitness levels and other predictors on cardiovascular disease mortality in men. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 30(6):899-905.

Fehérné M.I. (1999). Se többet, se kevesebbet. [No more no less] Útmutató. Széchenyi Nyomda. Győr.7-13.

Flegal, K.M, & Troiano, R.P.(2000). Changes in the distribution of body mass index of adults and children in the US population. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 24: 807-18.

Frenkl R., & Mészáros J. (2002). A motorikus szekuláris trend; Prepubertáskorú fiúk fizikai teljesítménye. [Motoric secular trend. Physical performances in prepuberty boys] Hippocrates, 4: 5. 294-297.

Frenkl, R., Mészáros, J., Mohácsi, J., Szmodis, I., Szabó, T., & Fönyedi, G. (1987). The anthropometric characteristics of non-athletic and regularly training pupils in Hungary. In: Macek, M., Kucera, M. (Eds.): Sports in health and disease. Avicenum, Czehoslovak Medical Press, Prague, 30-35.

Gerovasili, V., Agaku, I:T:, Vardavas, C.I., & Filippidis, F.T. (2015). Levels of phyical activity among adults 18-64 years old in 28 European countries. Preventive Medicine, 81, 87-91.

Grant, S. Corbett K, Amjad A.M, Wilson J, & Aitchison T. (1995). A comparison of methods of predicting maximum oxygen uptake. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 29 (3), p. 147-152

Hamilton, M. T., Healy, G. N., Dunstan, D. W., Zderic, T. W., & Owen, N. (2008). Too little exercise and too much sitting: inactivity physiology and the need for new recommendations on sedentary behavior. Current cardiovascular risk reports, 2(4), 292-298.

Haskell, W. L., et al. (2007). Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation, 116 (9), 1081.

Heyward, V.H. (1998). Advanced fitness assessment exercise prescription. Human Ki-netics, Illinois: Champaign.

Jaakkola, T.T., Sääkslahti, A., Yli-Piipari, S., Manninen, M., Watt, A., & Liukkonen, J. (2013). Student motivation associated with fitness testing in the physical education context. Journal of teaching in physical education, 32(3), 270-286.

Joubert K., Darvay S., Gyenis Gy., Éltető Ö., Mag K., Martin van’t Hof, & Ágfalvi R. (2006). Az Országos Longitudinális Gyermeknövekedés-vizsgálat eredményei születéstől 18 éves korig I. [The representative longitudinal measurement in Hungary from the birth to 18 ages]. (Szerk.: Joubert K.) - KSH Népességtudományi Kutató Intézetének Kutatási Jelentések 83.

Lee, C.P. (2003). Comparison of anthropometric characteristics and motor performance scores in Malaysian boys. An interdisciplinary approach. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Budapest: Semmelweis University,.

Lustyk, M. K. B., Widman, L., Paschane, A. A., & Olson, K. C. (2004). Physical activity and quality of life: assessing the influence of activity frequency, intensity, volume, and motives. Behavioral Medicine, 30(3), 124-132.

Mészáros J., Szabó T., Lee C.P., Tatár A., & Uvacsek M. (2001). Testösszetétel és a motorikus teljesítmény 12 és 14 éves fiúknál. [Body composition and motoric performances in 12-14 years old boys] Magyar Sporttudományi Szemle. 2001/3-4. 34-35 p.

Mohácsi, J., Lee, C.P., Zsidegh, M., Tatár, A., & Mészáros, J. (2002). Physique and motor performances in 10-year-old Malaysian boys. Collegium Anthropologicum, 26: 142.

Mohácsi, J., Mészáros, J., & Farkas, A. (1994). Secular growth trend in height, body weight and growth type indices of boys aged between 14 and 18. In: O. G. Eiben (Ed.): Auxology ’94 Children and Youth at the end of the 20th Century. Humanbiologia Budapestinesis, 25: 369-372.

Moreno Murcia, J., Coll, D., & Ruiz Pérez, L. (2009). Self-determined motivation and physical education importance. Human Movement, 10(1), 5-11.

Myers, J., McAuley, P., Lavie, C.J., Despres, J. P., Arena, R., & Kokkinos, P. (2015). Physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness as major markers of cardiovascular risk: their independent and interwoven importance to health status. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 57(4), 306-314.

Nádori L. szerk: (1984). Sportképességek mérése. [Motoric abilities measurement] Sport. Budapest. 1984. 222. p.

Ostyn, M. Beunen, G., & Simons, J. (Eds.). Kinanthropometry II. University Park

Othman M. (2001). A testi felépítés, a testösszetétel és a fizikai teljesítmény-jellemzők vizsgálata 10-13 éves fiúknál. [Physique, body composition and motor performances in 10-13-year old boys] PhD. disszertáció, Semmelweis Egyetem, Budapest.

Pařišková, J.(1961). Total body fat and skinfold thickness in children. Matabolizm. 10:797-804. Press, Baltimore.

Pischon, T., et al. (2008). General and abdominal adiposity and risk of death in Europe. N Engl J Med, 359(20): 2105-2120.

Radu, L.E., Hazar F., & Puni A. R (2014). Anthropometric and Physical Fitness Characteristics of University Students, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 149, 798-802.

Rhea, M. R., Alvar, B. A., Burkett, L. N., & Ball, S. D. (2003). A meta-analysis to determine the dose response for strength development. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 35(3), 456-464.

Ridgers, N.D., Tóth, M., & Uvacsek, M. (2009). Physical activity levels of Hungarian children during school recess. Preventive medicine, 49(5), 410-412.

Romaguera, D., et al. (2011). Determinants and patterns of physical activity practice among Spanish university students. J Sports Sci, 29(9): 989-997.

Sebőkné, L.M. (1999). A szakmódszertan szerepe és társadalmi változásai a testnevelés oktatásban a tanítóképzésben.[The role and the change of methodology on physical education in teacher training] In: Kovácsné NM. (szerk.), Nyugat-Magyarországi Egyetem Apáczai Csere János Tanítóképző Főiskolai Kar Évkönyve. Győr, 1999: 119-126.

Standage, M., Duda, J. L., & Ntoumanis, N. (2003). A model of contextual motivation in physical education: Using constructs from self-determination and achievement goal theories to predict physical activity intentions. Journal of educational psychology, 95(1), 97.

Szabó, T., & Frenkl, R. (1996). Testösszetétel, fittség. [Body composition and fitness] In: Som F. (szerk.): Felsőoktatás, értelmiség, egészség. MEFS. Budapest. 17-50. p

Szmodis, I. (1978). A Cooper-teszt életkori normái. [Cooper test references according to age] A sport és testnevelés időszerű kérdései. 18. 29-51. p.

Szmodis, I., Mészáros, J., & Szabó T. (1976). Alkati és működési mutatók kapcsolata gyermek-, serdülő- és ifjúkorban. [Relationship between physique and function in different ages] Testnevelés- és Sportegészségügyi Szemle, 17: 4. 255-272

Wei, M., Kampert, J.B., Barlow, C.E., Nichaman, M.Z., Gibbons, L.W., Paffenbarger, R.S. Jr., Blair, S.N., & Brodney S. (1999). Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men. Jama. 282(16):1547-1553.

World Health Organization (2011). Global status report on noncommunicable diseases, WHO, Geneva.

Zaccagni, L. D., Barbieri, E., & Gualdi-Russo (2014). Body composition and physical activity in Italian university students. Journal of Translational Medicine. 12:120

Zwiren, L.D., Freedson P.S, Ward A, Wilke S, & Rippe J.M. (1991). Estimation of VO2max: a comparative analysis of five exercise tests. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 62 (1), p. 73-78.