A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF GOAL SETTING INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE SPORTS PERFORMANCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24193/subbeag.66(1).04Keywords:
goal setting, sports, applied behavior analysis, sports performance.Abstract
Introduction. Goal setting theory (Locke & Latham, 1990) was initially developed for the field of organizational psychology, and since then it was used as a motivational technique in a variety of areas, including sports performance. Considering the multiple factors influencing sports performance and the fact that goal setting has become an increasingly popular subject, we consider it appropriate to summarize the recent results regarding this topic. Objective. The purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on goal setting interventions to enhance sports performance. Methods. A comprehensive literature search of Scopus, ScienceDirect, Directory of Open Access Journals, ERIC, Social Sciences Citation Index, Science Citation Index, and APA PsycArticles databases was conducted in October 2020 and included journal articles published since 2000. Results. A total of 1520 results were identified, of which 27 studies met eligibility criteria and were fully reviewed. Conclusions. This systematic review highlights that goal setting is an effective behavior modification procedure that can improve athletes’ performance. Discussions focus on practical implications and future research directions.
REZUMAT. O recenzie sistematică asupra intervențiilor care folosesc stabilirea obiectivelor pentru îmbunătățirea performanței sportive. Introducere. Teoria stabilirii obiectivelor (Locke & Latham, 1990) a fost dezvoltată inițial pentru domeniul psihologiei organizaționale, iar de atunci a fost folosită ca tehnică motivațională în mai multe domenii, printre care și cel al performanței sportive. Având în vedere factorii multiplii care influențează performanța sportivă, precum și faptul că stabilirea obiectivelor a devenit un subiect din ce în ce mai popular, considerăm oportună sumarizarea celor mai recente rezultate științifice din acest domeniu. Obiectiv. Obiectivul acestei lucrări este de a realiza o recenzie sistematică a literaturii de specialitate asupra intervențiilor care folosesc stabilirea obiectivelor pentru creșterea performanței sportive. Metode. O căutare comprehensivă a literaturii de specialitate a fost realizată în bazele de date: Scopus, ScienceDirect, Directory of Open Access Journals, ERIC, Social Sciences Citation Index, Science Citation Index și APA PsycArticles în Octombrie 2020 și a inclus articole științifice publicate începând cu anul 2000. Rezultate. Un total de 1520 de rezultate au fost identificate, dintre care 27 de articole au întrunit criteriile de eligibilitate și au fost incluse în această recenzie. Concluzii. Această recenzie sistematică evidențiază faptul că stabilirea obiectivelor reprezintă o strategie eficientă de modificare comportamentală care poate îmbunătăți performanța sportivilor. Discuțiile se concentrează asupra implicațiilor practice și a direcțiilor viitoare de cercetare.
Cuvinte cheie: stabilirea obiectivelor, sport, analiza aplicată a comportamentului, performanța sportivă.
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