Resurrection and Resurrections. Some Insights into Matthew 27:51-54

Authors

  • Alexandru MIHĂILĂ Archdeacon and Associate Professor of Old Testament Studies, Faculty of Orthodox Theology “Justinian Patriarhul”, University of Bucharest. Email: alexandru.mihaila@unibuc.ro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24193/subbto.2023.2.06

Keywords:

Resurrection, interpretation, Old Testament, Judaism, Pharisees, Sadducees

Abstract

After Christ’s death upon the cross, the gospel of Matthew is the only one that preserved a tradition about the opening of the graves and the resurrection of the saints (Mt 27:51-54). According to context, this resurrection of the Old Testament saints diverges from the concept of Christ as the beginner of the general resurrection. The article scrutinises the history of interpretation in patristic literature, modern commentaries, and the ideas of resurrection in early Judaism and Christianity. The author argues that here the gospel may preserve an ancient tradition about the victory of the Messiah which was further corrected to converge with the post-easter tradition about Jesus who was resurrected after three days.

References

Beckwith, Roger. The Old Testament Canon of the New Testament Church and Its Background in Early Judaism. London: SPCK, 1985.

Chapman, Stephen B. The Law and the Prophets. In Forschungen zum Alten Testament. Vol. 27. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2000.

Charlesworth, J.H. (Ed.), The Old Testament pseudepigrapha. Vol. 1. In Anchor Yale Bible. Doubleday, New York: Reference Library,1983.

Charlesworth, J.H. The Old Testament pseudepigrapha and the New Testament. Vol. 2: Expansions of the "Old Testament" and Legends, Wisdom, and Philosophical Literature, Prayers, Psalms and Odes, Fragments of Lost Judeo-Hellenistic Works. Includes indexes. New Haven / London: Yale University Press, 1985.

Charlesworth, James H. (Ed.). The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. Vol. 2. In Anchor Yale Bible. Doubleday, New York: Reference Library, 1985.

Collins, John J., Daniel: A Commentary on the Book of Daniel. In Hermeneia. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.

Crossan, John Dominic, “The Resurrection of Jesus in Its Jewish Context.” Neotestamentica 37.1 (2003): 29-57.

Cullmann, Oscar. “Unterblichkeit der Seele und Auferstehung der Toten. Das Zeugnis des Neuen Testaments,” Theologische Zeitschrift 12.2 (1956).

Cullmann, Oscar. Immortality of the Soul or Resurrection of the Dead? The Witness of the New Testament. London: The Epworth Press, 1958.

Daube, David. “On Acts 23: Sadducees and Angels.” Journal of Biblical Literature 109.3 (1990): 493-497.

Doignon, Jean. Hilaire de Poitiers. Sur Matthieu. Vol. 2. In Sources Chrétiennes. Vol. 258. Paris: Ed. du Cerf, 1979.

Elliott, J.K. The Apocryphal New Testament. A Collection of Apocryphal Christian Literature in an English Translation. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.

Furnish, Victor Paul. II Corinthians: Translated with Introduction, Notes and Commentary. In Anchor Bible. Vol. 32A. Doubleday, New York: Reference Library, 1984.

Goldingay, John E. Daniel. In Word Biblical Commentary. Vol. 30. Dallas: Word Books Publisher, 1989.

Hartman, Louis F. and Alexander A. di Lella, The Book of Daniel: A New Translation with Notes and Commentary. In Anchor Bible. Vol. 23. Doubleday, New York: Reference Library, 1978.

Heine, Ronald E. (Trans.). The Commentary of Origen on the Gospel of Matthew. Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018.

John Chrysostom. Homilies of St. John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople on the Gospel according to St. Matthew. Translated by G. Prevost & M. B. Riddle. In The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Vol. 10. Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, 1997.

Josephus Flavius. Antichități iudaice. Vol. 1: Cărțile I-X. Translated by Ion Acsan. Bucharest: Hasefer, 1999.

Josephus Flavius. Antichități iudaice. Vol. 2: Cărțile XI-XX. Translated by Ion Acsan. Bucharest: Hasefer, 2001.

Josephus Flavius. Jewish Antiquities, Books XVIII-XX. Translated by Louis H. Feldman. In Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge / London: Harvard University Press / William Heinemann, 1965.

Josephus Flavius. Războiul iudeilor împotriva romanilor. Translated by Gheneli Wolf, Ion Acsan. Bucharest: Hasefer, 1997.

Josephus Flavius. The Jewish War, Books I-III. Translated by H.St.J. Tackeray. In Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge / London: Harvard University Press / William Heinemann, 1956.

Lake, Kirsopp (trans.). The Apostolic Fathers. Vol. 1. In Loeb Classical Library. Vol. 24. Cambridge / London: Harvard University Press / William Heinemann, 1965.

Lehtipuu, Outi, Debates over the Resurrection of the Dead: Constructing Early Christian Identity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.

Lim, Timothy H. The Formation of the Jewish Canon. In The Anchor Yale Bible Reference Library. New Haven / London: Yale University Press, 2013.

Luz, Ulrich. Matthew 21-28: A Commentary on Matthew 21-28. In Hermeneia. Translated by James E. Crouch. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2005.

Martin, Ralph P. 2 Corinthians. In Word Biblical Commentary. Vol. 40. Dallas: Word Books Publisher, 1986.

Miller, Stephen R. Daniel. In New American Commentary. Vol. 18. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1994.

Nickelsburg, George W.E. Resurrection, Immortality, and Eternal Life in Intertestamental Judaism and Early Christianity. Expanded edition. In Harvard Theological Studies. Vol. 56. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006.

Parker, Floyd. “The Terms «Angel» and «Spirit» in Acts 23,8.” Biblica 84.3 (2003): 344-365.

Roberts, Alexander and James Donaldson (Eds.). Ante-Nicene Fathers. Vol. 1. Buffalo: Christian Literature Company, 1885.

Scheck, Thomas P. (Trans.). St. Jerome: Commentary on Matthew. In The Fathers of the Church. Vol. 117. Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 2008.

Sf. Teofilact al Bulgariei. Tâlcuirea Sfintei Evanghelii de la Matei. In Tâlcuiri la Sfânta Scriptură. Vol. 1. București: Sophia, 2007.

Simonetti, M. (Ed.). Matthew 14-28, in Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture. New Testament. Vol. 1b. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2002.

Viviano, Benedict T., Justin Taylor. “Sadducees, Angels, and Resurrection (Acts 23:8-9).” Journal of Biblical Literature 111.3 (1992): 496-498.

Downloads

Published

2023-12-30

How to Cite

MIHĂILĂ, A. (2023). Resurrection and Resurrections. Some Insights into Matthew 27:51-54. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Orthodoxa, 68(2), 95–107. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbto.2023.2.06

Issue

Section

Articles