‘TO SPEAK OF CATTLE IS TO SPEAK OF MAN’: ANTHROPARCHAL INTERACTIONS IN JOHN CONNELL’S “THE FARMER’S SON”

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2021.4.21

Keywords:

anthroparchy, posthumanism, gender relations, zoomorphism, capitalism, farming

Abstract

“To speak of cattle is to speak of man”: Anthroparchal Interactions in John Connell’s The Farmer’s Son. The present paper intends to build a critique of contemporary farming practices, based on Erika Cudworth’s theory of “anthroparchy.” By exemplifying how anthroparchal interactions function in John Connell’s memoir, I will outline the becoming of a posthuman farmer that awakens certain sensibilities towards nonhuman animals, in ways that compel a rethinking of gendered relations, patriarchy, violence, and capitalist interests. The analysis provides a needed insight into recent developments in Irish rural farming, detailing the position of the human subject in relation to nonhuman otherness and describing some of the changes that need to be made regarding the power relations that are at work within patriarchal systems. To this extent, Cudworth’s theoretical framework and Connell’s memoir are proven to be contributing to the necessary restructuring of farming practices and of human-nonhuman interactions.

REZUMAT. „A vorbi despre bovine înseamnă a vorbi despre om”: Interacțiuni antroparhice în The Farmer’s Son de John Connell. Prezenta lucrare intenționează să construiască o critică a practicilor agricole contemporane, bazată pe teoria "antroparhiei" formulată de către Erika Cudworth. Exemplificând modul în care interacțiunile antroparhiale funcționează în memoriile lui John Connell, voi contura procesul de devenire a unui fermier postuman care reușește să trezească anumite sensibilități față de animalele nonumane, în moduri care ne obligă să regândim relațiile de gen, patriarhatul, violența și interesele capitaliste. Analiza oferă o perspectivă necesară asupra dezvoltărilor recente din agricultura rurală irlandeză, detaliind poziția subiectului uman în raport cu alteritatea nonumană și descriind unele dintre schimbările care trebuie făcute în ceea ce privește relațiile de putere care se desfășoară în cadrul sistemelor patriarhale. În această măsură, cadrul teoretic al lui Cudworth și memoriile lui Connell pot contribui la restructurarea necesară a practicilor agricole și a interacțiunilor uman-nonuman.

Cuvinte-cheie: antroparhie, postumanism, relații de gen, zoomorfism, capitalism, agricultură

Author Biography

Paul Mihai PARASCHIV, Faculty of Letters, Babes-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca. Email: paul.paraschiv@ubbcluj.ro

Paul Mihai PARASCHIV is a PhD student at the Faculty of Letters, Babes-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca. He holds a Master's degree in Irish Studies and as of 2020, he is an affiliate of the Centre for the Study of the Modern Anglophone Novel. His research interests include posthumanism, animal studies, ecocriticism and literary theory. He has recently published a translation into Romanian of Cary Wolfe’s “Human, All Too Human: ‘Animal Studies’ and the Humanities” in Post/h/um Journal, reviews in Studia Philologia and Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory and a paper on Irish Self-Identity in Caietele Echinox. Email: paul.paraschiv@ubbcluj.ro

References

Adams, Carol J. 2007. “War on Compassion.” In The Feminist Care Tradition in Animal Ethics, edited by J. Donovan and C. Adams, 21-36. New York: Columbia University Press.

Adams, Carol J. 2018. Neither Man nor Beast: Feminism and the Defence of Animals. London: Bloomsbury.

Baker, Steve. 2001. Picturing the Beast: Animals, Identity, and Representation. Champaign: University of Illinois Press.

Braidotti, Rosi. 2013. The Posthuman. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Braidotti, Rosi. 2019. Posthuman Knowledge. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Connell, John. 2019. The Farmer's Son: Calving Season on a Family Farm. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Cudworth, Erika. 2011. Social Lives with Other Animals: Tales of Sex, Death and Love. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Cudworth, Erika, and Stephen Hobden. 2018. The Emancipatory Project of Posthumanism. London: Routledge.

Diamond, Cora. 2003. “The Difficulty of Reality and the Difficulty of Philosophy.” Partial Answers: Journal of Literature and the History of Ideas 1 (2): 1-29.

Grene, Nicholas. 2021. Farming in Modern Irish Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Haraway, Donna J. 2008. When Species Meet. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Haraway, Donna J. 2015. “Anthropocene, Capitalocene, Plantationocene, Chthulucene: Making Kin.” Environmental Humanities 6 (1): 159-165.

Kathryn, Kirkpatrick. 2015. “Introduction: Othering the Animal, Othering the Nation.” In Animals in Irish Literature and Culture, edited by Kathryn Kirkpatrick and Borbála Faragó, 1-10. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Latour, Bruno. 2004. The Politics of Nature: How to Bring the Sciences into Democracy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Latour, Bruno. 2005. Reassembling the Social: An Introduction to Actor-Network-Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Moore, Jason W. 2015. Capitalism in the Web of Life: Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital. London: Verso.

Moore, Jason W. 2016. Anthropocene or Capitalocene? Nature, History, and the Crisis of Capitalism. Oakland: PM Press.

O’Connor, Maureen. 2021. “Irish animal studies at the turn of the twenty-first century.” In Routledge International Handbook of Irish Studies, edited by Renée Fox, Mike Cronin, and Brian Ó Conchubhair, 362-369. New York: Routledge.

O’Connor, Maureen. 2010. The Female and the Species: The Animal in Irish Women’s Writing. New York: Peter Lang.

Stewart, Kate, and Matthew Cole. 2009. “The Conceptual Separation of Food and Animals in Childhood.” Food, Culture and Society 12 (4): 457-76.

Thoreau, Henry David. 2009. The Journal 1837-1861. New York: NYRB Classics.

Torres, Bob. 2007. Making a Killing: The Political Economy of Animal Rights. Oakland: AK Press.

Twine, Richard. 2012. “Revealing the ‘Animal-Industrial Complex’ – A Concept & Method for Critical Animal Studies?” Journal for Critical Animal Studies, 10 (1): 12-39.

Wadiwel, Dinesh. 2015. The War against Animals. Leiden: Brill Rodopi.

Whelan, Barry. 2014. “De Valera’s Ireland and Ulbricht’s East Germany: Contrasts and Comparisons.” Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review 103 (409): 72-80.

Downloads

Published

2021-12-15

How to Cite

PARASCHIV, P. M. (2021). ‘TO SPEAK OF CATTLE IS TO SPEAK OF MAN’: ANTHROPARCHAL INTERACTIONS IN JOHN CONNELL’S “THE FARMER’S SON”. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia, 66(4), 329–351. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2021.4.21

Issue

Section

Articles