“WE DID BECOME”: SHERI S. TEPPER’S "GRASS" AND POSTHUMAN COMPANIONSHIP BEYOND THE ANIMAL/HUMAN BINARY

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2022.2.06

Keywords:

animal studies, anthropocentrism, ecofeminism, posthumanism, Sheri S. Tepper

Abstract

“We Did Become”: Sheri S. Tepper’s Grass and Posthuman Companionship Beyond the Animal/Human Binary. Sheri S. Tepper’s Arbai trilogy (1989-1992) is the home for beings that pose a challenge to the binaries behind the establishment of hierarchical relations between humans and animals. In the first volume of the series, Grass, originally published in 1989, Marjorie Westriding, a noblewoman, revolts against anthropocentric and patriarchal social structures when she abandons her husband and becomes a companion to one of the aliens who inhabit the planet Grass and are perceived by humans as foxes. Marjorie’s eventual symbiosis with the creature grants her eternity, and turns her into a prophetess, a unique being that can travel through time and space along with the “foxen,” the Grassian term for “one or a dozen” foxes. Her status as neither human nor alien (or animal) allows her to form a posthuman identity that no longer places anthropocentrism at the core of the conceptualization of human/non-human relations. This article therefore discusses the possibility of a posthuman and ecofeminist critique of anthropocentric and patriarchal hierarchies through the lens of Tepper’s novel, by focusing on the symbiosis and companionship relation Marjorie establishes with the foxen. This relation is mainly analyzed under the light of Ralph R. Acampora’s concept of ‘symphysis,’ particularly emphasizing Marjorie’s ability to share symphysical experiences of embodiment with other non-human beings instead of simply feeling sympathy for them.

Article history: Received 14 February 2022; Revised 27 April 2022; Accepted 5 May 2022; Available online 30 June 2022; Available print 30 June 2022.

REZUMAT. „Am devenit într-adevăr”: Grass de Sheri S. Tepper și companionul postuman dincolo de dihotomia animal/om. Trilogia Arbai (1989-1992) de Sheri S. Tepper adăpostește ființe care pun în dificultate dihotomiile din spatele ansamblului de relații ierarhice între oameni și animale. În primul volum al seriei, Grass, publicat inițial în 1989, Marjorie Westriding, o femeie de rang nobiliar, se revoltă împotriva structurilor sociale antropocentrice și patriarhale, părăsindu-și soțul și devenind companioana unuia dintre exteratereștrii de pe planeta Grass percepuți de oameni ca fiind vulpi. Simbioza ulterioară cu creatura îi conferă nemurire și ea se transformă într-o profetesă, o ființă unică având capacitatea de a călători în timp și spațiu împreună cu „vulpeiul” ei, termenul grassian pentru „una sau o duzină” de vulpi. Statutul ei ca nefiind nici umană, nici extraterestră (și nici animal) îi permite să formeze o identitate postumană care nu mai pune antropocentrismul în nucleul conceptualizării relațiilor umane/non-umane. Articolul de față discută astfel posibilitatea unei critici postumane și ecofeministe a ierarhiilor antropocentrice și patriarhale prin perspectiva romanului lui Tepper, focalizând asupra relației simbiotice și de companie pe care Marjorie o stabilește cu vulpeiul. Această relație este în principal analizată prin prisma conceptului de „symphysis” al lui Ralph R. Acampora, accentuând mai ales capacitatea lui Marjorie de a împărtăși experiențe simfizice ale întrupării cu alte ființe non-umane, în locul doar al unor sentimente de simpatie față de acestea.

Cuvinte-cheie: studii despre animale, antropocentrism, ecofeminism, postumanism, Sheri S. Tepper

Author Biography

Ángela LÓPEZ-GARCÍA, University of Murcia (Spain), angela.lopez3@um.es

Ángela LÓPEZ-GARCÍA is currently a PhD fellow at the University of Murcia (Spain). Her research is mainly focused on North-American and Canadian women writing science fiction and speculative fiction during the second half of the twentieth century and the beginning of the new millennium, and the relationship between gender and the environment in their writing. Her research also deals with the development of ecofeminism in the US from the 1960s onwards, and its influence on the authors’ texts. Additionally, she focuses on the representation of animal and alien identities in their works from an ecofeminist perspective. Prior to entering a PhD program, López-García was a postgraduate student at the University of St Andrews (Scotland), where she acquired the degree of MLitt in Women, Writing and Gender. E-mail: angela.lopez3@um.es

References

Acampora, Ralph R. 2014. Corporal Compassion: Animal Ethics and Philosophy of Body. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.

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Gaard, Greta. 1998. Ecological Politics: Ecofeminists and the Greens. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

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MacGregor, Sherilyn. 2006. Beyond Mothering Earth: Ecological Citizenship and the Politics of Care. Vancouver: UBC Press.

Merchant, Carolyn. 1989. The Death of Nature: Women, Ecology and the Scientific Revolution. New York: HarperOne.

Merchant. Carolyn. 1996. Earthcare: Women and the Environment. New York: Routledge.

Merchant, Carolyn. 2005. Radical Ecology: The Search for a Livable World. New York: Routledge.

Opperman, Serpil. 2013. “Feminist Ecocriticism: A Posthuman Direction in Ecocritical Trajectory.” In International Perspectives in Feminist Ecocriticism, edited by Greta Gaard, Simon C. Estok, and Serpil Opperman, 19-36. New York: Routledge.

Plumwood, Val. 1993. Feminism and the Mastery of Nature. London: Routledge.

Tepper, Sheri S. 2002. Grass. London: Gollancz.

Vint, Sherryl. 2014. Animal Alterity: Science Fiction and the Question of the Animal. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.

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Published

2022-06-30

How to Cite

LÓPEZ-GARCÍA, Ángela. (2022). “WE DID BECOME”: SHERI S. TEPPER’S "GRASS" AND POSTHUMAN COMPANIONSHIP BEYOND THE ANIMAL/HUMAN BINARY. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia, 67(2), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2022.2.06

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