GLOBAL THREADS, UNVEILING UNEVENNESS: CONTEMPORARY MAXIMALIST PROJECTS INTERROGATING CULTURAL HYBRIDISATION AND MARGINALITY

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2024.2.04

Keywords:

Maximalist Novels, Hybridisation, Migration, Periphery, Marginality, Anarchetype, Postmodernism

Abstract

Global Threads, Unveiling Unevenness: Contemporary Maximalist Projects Interrogating Cultural Hybridisation and Marginality. Within a frame that emphasizes the tension between the global and the local, this paper aims to investigate the ways in which complex narratives that incorporate the tropes of migration, periphery, and marginality, amongst others, can bring to light aspects of unevenness and cultural and formal hybridisation. Works like Zadie Smith’s White Teeth, Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness, or Bernardine Evaristo’s Girl, Woman, Other employ distinct maximalist modes of inquiry (Nick Levey) to question topics related to inequality, cultural relevance, or representational biases, in a type of novel about which James Wood claimed that it “suffered from an excess of storytelling and an almost paranoid preoccupation with linking up their many subplots in a web of forced meaning.” What stands at the core of this article is precisely this impulse to force a meaning which seems most frequently disrupted by an anarchetypal propensity to renegotiate a “rhetoric of inclusivity” (Franco Moretti) through which the maximalist author tries to exhaustively encompass the whole world (Levey). By selecting a corpus of maximalist novels to illustrate their evolution from the second half of the 20th century until more recent works, such as Evaristo’s, this paper investigates the shift through which these narratives have started to factor margins in, differently and more frequently than in the beginnings of this literary form.

Fire globale, dezvăluind inegalitatea: Proiecte maximaliste contemporane care interoghează hibriditatea culturală și marginalitatea. Într-un cadru care evidențiază tensiunea dintre global și local, acest text își propune să investigheze modurile în care anumite narațiuni complexe care încorporează figurile migrației, periferiei și marginalității, printre altele, pot pune în lumină aspecte legate de inegalitate și de hibridizarea culturală și formală. Cărți precum Dinți albi de Zadie Smith, Ministerul fericirii supreme de Arundhati Roy sau Fată, femeie, alta de Bernardine Evaristo folosesc moduri de investigare maximaliste specifice (Nick Levey) pentru a aduce în discuție subiecte legate de inegalitate, relevanță culturală sau biasuri de reprezentare, într-un tip de roman despre care James Wood susținea că „suferă de un exces al povestirii și de o preocupare aproape paranoică de a lega numeroasele intrigi secundare într-o rețea de sens forțat”. Miza principală a acestui articol vizează tocmai acest impuls de a forța un sens care pare cel mai frecvent perturbat de o tendință anarhetipică de a renegocia o „retorică a incluziunii” (Franco Moretti) prin care autorul maximalist încearcă să cuprindă într-un mod exhaustiv întreaga lume (Levey). Selectând un corpus de romane maximaliste cu scopul de a ilustra evoluția lor din a doua jumătate a secolului XX până la opere mai recente, precum cea a lui Evaristo, această lucrare investighează schimbarea prin care aceste narațiuni au început să țină cont de margini într-un mod diferit și mai frecvent decât la începuturile acestei forme literare.

Cuvinte-cheie: Romane maximaliste; Hibridizare; Migrație; Marginalitate; Anarhetip; Postmodernism.

Article history: Received 07 February 2024; Revised 28 March 2024; Accepted 11 April 2024; Available online 25 June 2024; Available print 30 June 2024.

References

Ashcroft, Bill et al. 2012. Literature for Our Times: Postcolonial Studies in the Twenty First Century. Amsterdam – New York: Editions Rodopi.

Bhabha, Homi. 1994. The location of culture. New York: Routledge.

Bradbury, Neil A. 2016. “Attention span during lectures: 8 seconds, 10 minutes, or more?” Advances of Physiology Education, Dec 1; 40(4):5 09-513.

Braga, Corin. 2006. De la arhetip la anarhetip. Iași: Polirom.

Bucknell, Clare. 2019. “Fusion Fiction.” London Review of Books, vol. 41, no. 20, October 24, 2019.

Buell, Lawrence. 2014. The Dream of the Great American Novel. Cambridge: Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Cuder-Domínguez, Pilar. 2004. “Ethnic Cartographies of London in Bernardine Evaristo and Zadie Smith.” European Journal of English Studies, vol. 8, no. 2: 173-188.

Dawson, Ashley. 2007. Mongrel Nation. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

DeLillo, Don. 1997. Underworld. New York: Scribner.

Ercolino, Stefano. 2014. The Maximalist Novel. Translated by Albert Sbragia. New York: Bloomsbury Academic Publishing.

Evaristo, Bernardine. 2019. Girl, Woman, Other. London: Penguin.

Fest, Bradley J. 2012. “’Then out of the Rubble’: The Apocalypse in David Foster Wallace’s Early Fiction.” Studies in the Novel, vol. 44, no.3, Fall.

Frazer-Carroll, Micha. 2019. “Girl, Woman, Other by Bernardine Evaristo Review – joy as well as struggle.” The Guardian, May 8, 2019.

Gilroy, Paul. 2001. “A London sumting dis...” Critical Quarterly 41.3: 57-69.

Gorman-DaRif, Meghan. 2018. “Post-Magic: The Female Naxalite at 50 in Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness and Neel Mukherjee’s A State of Freedom.” South Asian Review published online: December 4, 2018. DOI: 10.1080/02759527.2018.1538729.

Harding, Sandra. 1986. The Science Question in Feminism. New York: Cornell University Press.

Iyer, Nalini. 2018. “Narrating a Fragmented Nation: Arundhati Roy’s Ministry of Utmost Happiness.” Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses 76, April 2018: 163-173.

Karl, Frederick R. 1983. American Fictions: A comprehensive History and Critical Evaluation. New York: Harper and Row.

LeClair, Tom. 1987. In the Loop: Don DeLillo and the Systems Novel. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Levey, Nick. 2017. Maximalism in Contemporary American Literature: The Uses of Detail. New York: Routledge.

Lukács, György. 1950. Studies in European Realism. London: Merlin.

Lukács, György. 1978 [2003]. The Theory of the Novel. Translated by Anna Bostock. London: Merlin.

Nagano, Yoshishiro. 2010. “Inside the Dream of the Warfare State: Mass and Massive Fantasies in Don DeLillo’s Underworld.” Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction, 51:3: 241-256.

Mendelson, Edward. 1976. “Encyclopedic Narrative: From Dante to Pynchon.” MLN, vol. 91, no. 6, December: 1267-1275.

Mendes, Ana Cristina and Lisa Lau. 2019. ‘The precarious lives of India’s Others: The creativity of precarity in Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness.” Journal of Postcolonial Writing, published online December 9, 2019. DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2019.1683758.

Menozzi, Filippo. 2018. “’Too much blood for good literature’: Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness and the question of realism.” Journal of Postcolonial Writing, published online September 25, 2018. DOI: 10.1080/17449855.2018.1507919.

Morley, Catherine. 2006. “Excavating ‘Underworld, disinterring ‘Ulysses’ Don DeLillo’s dialogue with James Joyce.” Comparative American Studies: An International Journal, 4:2: 175-196.

Mukherjee, Meenakshi. 2000. The Perishable Empire: Essays on Indian Writing in English. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

Murphy, Shiobhan. 2019. “Girl, Woman, Other by Bernardine Evaristo review.” The Times, September 20, 2019.

Ngai, Sianne. 2015. Our Aesthetic Categories. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

O’Donnell, Patrick. 2000. Latent Destinies: Cultural Paranoia and Contemporary U.S. Narrative Durham: Duke UP.

O’Grady, Kathleen. 2002. “White Teeth: A Conversation with Author Zadie Smith.” Interview published in Atlantis: A Women's Studies Journal, Vol. 27.1 (Fall 2002): 105-111. Accessed online at http://bailiwick.lib.uiowa.edu/wstudies/ogrady/zsmith2004.htm#_edn1.

Pope, Ged. 2015. Reading London Suburbs. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Pynchon, Thomas. 1973 [1998]. Gravity’s Rainbow. New York: Vintage.

Roy, Arundhati. 2009. Listening to Grasshoppers. London: Penguin.

Roy, Arundhati. 2017a. The Ministry of Utmost Happiness. London: Penguin.

Roy, Arundhati. 2017b. “Full Extended Interview: Arundhati Roy on Democracy Now! [With Amy Goodman and Nermeen Shaikh]”. Democracy Now!, June 20, 2017 (https://www.democracynow.org/2017/6/20).

Smith, Zadie. 2000. White Teeth. London: Penguin.

Wallace, David Foster. 1996 [2006]. Infinite Jest. New York: Back Bay Books.

Warwick Research Collective (Sharae Deckard, Nicholas Lawrence, Neil Lazarus, Graeme Macdonald, Upamanyu Pablo Mukherjee, Benita Parry, Stephen Shapiro). 2015. Combined and Uneven Development: Towards a New Theory of World-Literature. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.

Wood, James. 2000. “Human, All Too Inhuman.” The New Republic, July 24, 2000.

Wood, James. 2004. The Irresponsible Self: On Laughter and the Novel. London: Jonathan Cape.

Downloads

Published

2024-06-25

How to Cite

VĂSIEȘ, A. . (2024). GLOBAL THREADS, UNVEILING UNEVENNESS: CONTEMPORARY MAXIMALIST PROJECTS INTERROGATING CULTURAL HYBRIDISATION AND MARGINALITY. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia, 69(2), 73–90. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2024.2.04

Issue

Section

Articles