ANDREÏ MAKINE – FROM ANONYMITY TO LITERARY FAME
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2024.2.07Keywords:
pseudo-translation, hybrid identity, personal mythology, slavophilia, francitéAbstract
Andreï Makine – From Anonymity to Literary Fame. The aim of this article is to analyse the strategies that enabled Andreï Makine to go from being a penniless Russian immigrant living in a Parisian cemetery to becoming a celebrity in the French literary world. The first aspect to be considered is the use of pseudo-translation. Unlike another Russian writer in exile, Alexander Solzhenitsyn, who always believed that his works would be read by his compatriots and have an impact on the Russian cultural space, Makine, who settled in France in 1987, decided to write in French, mainly for a French readership. However, his first two novels were rejected by the Parisian publishers who did not believe that a Russian could write so well in French, so Makine had to create fictitious translators in order to get his texts published. Another significant factor is the way in which he exploited his biographical aspects to create a personal mythology. The third, and perhaps most important, factor that has contributed to Makine’s consecration in the French cultural space is the way he describes his country of origin (he has been accused of creating an image of Russia that would be pleasing to Western eyes) and his host country, praising both the French language and, as the title of one of his books puts it, “this France that we forget to love".
Andrei Makine – de la anonimitate la faimă literară. Acest articol își propune să analizeze factorii și strategiile care au facilitat transformarea lui Andreï Makine, un imigrant rus fără bani și fără acte care trăia într-un cimitir parizian, într-o celebritate a spațiului literar francez. Primul aspect care va fi abordat este utilizarea pseudotraducerii. Spre deosebire de un alt scriitor rus exilat, Alexander Soljenițîn, care a crezut întotdeauna că lucrările sale vor fi citite de compatrioții săi și vor avea un impact asupra spațiului cultural rusesc, Makine, stabilit în Franța din 1987, a decis să scrie în franceză în principal pentru un public francez. Cu toate acestea, primele două romane ale sale au fost respinse de editorii parizieni care nu credeau că un rus poate scrie atât de bine în franceză. În consecință, Makine a fost nevoit să creeze traducători fictivi pentru a-și publica romanele. Al doilea aspect semnificativ este modul în care scriitorul și-a instrumentat elementele biografice pentru a crea o mitologie personală. În cele din urmă, al treilea și poate cel mai important factor care a contribuit la consacrarea lui Makine în spațiul cultural francez este modul în care el descrie țara sa de origine (a fost acuzat că a reprezentat Rusia clișeic, pentru a fi placul occidentalilor) și țara gazdă, elogiind atât limba franceză, cât și, cum spune titlul uneia dintre cărțile sale, „această Franță pe care uităm să o iubim”.
Cuvinte-cheie: pseudotraducere, identitate hibridă, mitologie personală, slavofilie, francitate
Article history: Received 11 May 2024; Revised 04 June 2024; Accepted 12 June 2024; Available online 25 June 2024; Available print 30 June 2024.
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