THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS, MOTIVATION AND SELF-EFFICACY IN A SAMPLE OF SECONDARY AND HIGH-SCHOOL CHILDREN FROM CLUJ-NAPOCA, ROMANIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24193/subbpsyped.2021.1.04Keywords:
self-determination theory, self-regulated learning, intrinsic motivation, basic psychological needs, autonomy, competence, relatedness, self-efficacyAbstract
Motivation is the key force that drives the individual. According to Self-Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000), human motivation is regulated by the degree to which personal intentions are autonomous or controlled. On the other hand, human behaviour is determined by three basic needs (competence, autonomy and relatedness) which contribute to intrinsic motivation and psychological health. This study has investigated the relationship between basic psychological needs and different types of motivation in an educational context. The research included a large sample of school students from 5th to 12th grade, enrolled in two schools from Cluj-Napoca, Romania (N = 363). All participants completed an online survey aimed to evaluate student’s fulfilment of their basic psychological needs, their motivation and self-efficacy regarding Romanian literature lessons. Results showed that autonomy, competence and relatedness correlated with intrinsic motivation. Moreover, the regression results showed that basic psychological needs predicted half of the variance in intrinsic motivation. The outcomes of this study also revealed that girls displayed higher scores on self-efficacy, autonomy and identified regulation as compared to boys.
Motivation ist die Schlüsselkraft welche das menschliche Wesen aktiviert. Laut der Selbstbestimmungstheorie (Ryan & Deci, 2000), wird die menschliche Motivation durch den Grad der Autonomie oder Kontrolle der persönlichen Absichten reguliert. Andererseits wird das menschliches Verhalten durch drei Grundbedürfnisse (Kompetenz, Autonomie, Bezogenheit) bestimmt, die zur intrinsischen Motivation und psychischen Gesundheit beitragen. In dieser Studie wurde die Beziehung zwischen psychologischen Grundbedürfnissen und Motivationstypen im Bildungskontext an einer großen Stichprobe von Schülern der 5. bis 12. Klasse untersucht, die in zwei Schulen aus Cluj-Napoca, Rumänien, eingeschrieben waren (N= 363). Alle Teilnehmer haben eine Online-Umfrage ausgefüllt, die darauf abzielte, die Befriedigung ihrer psychologischen Grundbedürfnisse, Motivation und Selbstwirksamkeit innerhalb des rumänischen Literaturunterrichts zu bewerten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Autonomie, Kompetenz und Verbundenheit mit intrinsischer Motivation korrelieren. Darüber hinaus sagt Autonomie den größten Teil der Variante der intrinsischen Motivation voraus. Die Ergebnisstudie zeigt auch, dass Mädchen im Vergleich zu Jungen höhere Werte bei Selbstwirksamkeit, Autonomie und Selbstbestimmung aufweisen.
Stichworte: Selbstbestimmungstheorie, selbstreguliertes Lernen, intrinsische Motivation, psychologische Bedürfnisse, Autonomie, Kompetenz, Bezogenheit, Selbstwirksamkeit
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