THE CHANGING OF THE AESTHETIC BALLET’S SPHERE IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD. BETWEEN THE DECONSTRUCTION OF OSKAR SCHLEMMER’S BALLET AND THE IDEA OF “GEBRAUCHMUSIK” OF PAUL HINDEMITH – AN IMAGISTIC ALLEY FROM OSKAR SCHLEMMER TO CÉLINE DION [1922-2019]

Authors

  • Maria-Roxana BISCHIN Research targeted in the fields of Phenomenology, Aesthetics, Cross-cultural Studies, Intellectual History, Performing Arts, Musicology and, Creative Industries. E-mail: mariaartspy16@yahoo.com

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24193/subbmusica.2022.1.06

Keywords:

ballet, body, dance, Weimar period, Oskar Schlemmer, Paul Hindemith, Avant-garde, ontical-structures, Céline Dion, Paul Klee, Alexandre Vauthier.

Abstract

The ballet can be deconstructed through some mathematized forms as the geometrical lines and trough created symmetries. Once, Paul Klee painted the Abstract Ballet (1937) in the manner that some musicians made innovative experiments in the music, or in the same manner as Oskar Schlemmer found a unique form of expression for his Triadisches Ballet. But, there were two types of ballet in the interwar period of the twentieth century between which we can differentiate: the Classical ballet (wich maintains a Romantic line too) and the Avant-garde ballet that appeared through the Triadisches Ballet composed by Oskar Schlemmer. Some dancers like Mikhail Baryshnikov brought the ballet in the area of the classic performance, and others as Maya Plisețkaia (the ʻprima-ballerinaʼ of the twentieth century) brought the ballet to a classical-romantic line. Apparently, Oskar Schlemmer and Paul Klee wanted to dislodge the corrugations as they may have dislodged a cupboard or a box. I will show in my analysis how ballet can be part of our lives and how its limitation to mathematized forms sometimes has the role of a deconstruction of the expression of the artistic message. In my analysis, I will serve myself of the analysis of Dasein to justify the “becoming” of the dancer [object]ified through the corporal movements and to justify the stage- Space as a place of “being-in-the-world”.

REZUMAT. SCHIMBAREA SFEREI ESTETICE A BALETULUI ÎN PERIOADA INTERBELICĂ. ÎNTRE DECONSTRUCȚIA BALETULUI LA OSKAR SCHLEMMER ȘI IDEEA DE „GEBRAUCHMUSIK” A LUI PAUL HINDEMITH  - O ALEE IMAGISTICĂ DE LA OSKAR SCHLEMMER LA CÉLINE DION [1922-2019]. Baletul poate fi deconstruit prin intermediul unor forme matematice precum liniile geometrice și prin intermediul simetriilor create. Cândva, Paul Klee desenase Abstract Ballet (1937) în același mod în care anumiți muzicieni au realizat anumite experimente inovative în lumea muzicii din acea perioadă sau în care Oskar Schlemmer a găsit o formă de expresie unică pentru al său Triadisches Ballett. În perioada interbelică existau două tipuri de balet între care putem diferenția: balaetul clasic (ce menține și o linie romantică) și baletul avangardist compus de Oskar Schlemmer. Câțiva balerini, precum Mikhail Baryshnikov  au adus baletul pe linia performance-ului clasic, sau precum Maya Plisețkaia (prima-ballerina) care a menținut baletul pe o linie clasic-romantică. Aparent, Oskar Schlemmer și Paul klee au dorit să disloce ondulațiile specifice mișcării așa cum ar fi dislocat o cutie. Pe parcursul analizei voi sublinia felul în care baletul poate fi parte din viețile noastre și cum limitările sale prin forme matematizate au uneori rolul unei deconstrucții a expresiei mesajului artistic. De-a lungi analizei, voi avea în considerare conceptul de Dasein pentru a justifica „devenireaˮ dansatorului [obiect]ificat prin mișcări corporale, dar și pentru a justifca Spațiul-scenă ca un loc pentru „a fi-în-lumeˮ.

Cuvinte cheie: balet, corp, dans, perioada Weimar, Oskar Schlemmer, Paul Hindemith, avangardă, structuri ontice, Céline Dion, Paul Klee, Alexandre Vauthier.

References

Achiței, Gheorghe, and Achim, Ionel, Dicționar de Estetică Generală (Dictionary of the General Aesthetics). Politică, Bucharest, 1972.

Barbieri, Donatella. Costume in Performance: Materiality, Culture, and the Body. Bloomsbury Publishing, London, Oxford, New York, New Delhi, Sydney, 2017.

Baryshnikov, Mikhail, “Solo for „Don Quixote”. YouTube, online consulted, March 10, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vtWqsFihyg.

Baryshnikov, Mikhail, “Giselle act II. Pas de deux”. YouTube, online consulted March 10, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOAFsU2kWPw.

***. Bauhaus: Oskar Schlemmer and Paul Klee with friends. Photography. Galerie Basenge, Berlin, 2010.

Barenboim, Daniel, Reith Lectures. BBC Radio, 2006.

Bischin, Maria-Roxana, „Despre actualitatea fustei cloș și relația ei cu baletul. De la scenografie la picturăˮ (“On the seasonableness of the flare skirt. From scenography to painting”) [With an analysis on Oskar Schlemmer’s contribution to fashion]. Web@Cultura. Online, 2018, https://webcultura.ro/despre-actualitatea-fustei-clos-si-relatia-ei-cu-baletul-de-la-scenografie-la-pictura/.

Bot, Alina Maria, From the Dress Worn to the Space Dressed Up. Coordinator Gheorgh Arion. Cluj-Napoca Art and Design University, Plastic Arts University, Cluj-Napoca, 2008.

Calcagno, Mauro, From Madrigal to Opera: Monteverdi’s Staging of the Self. California, University Press, California, 2012.

Conzen, Ina, “1921-1929 Oskar Schlemmer at the Bauhaus in Weimar and Dessauˮ. Oskar Schlemmer: Visions of a New World. Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, Hirmer Publishers, Stuttgart and Munich, 2014 [2015], pp. 25-73.

Craine, Debra; Mackrell, Judith (Coord.), The Oxford Dictionary of Dance, 2nd Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, & New York, 2000, 2004, 2010.

Cunningham, Merce, The Dancer and the Dance: Merce Cunningham in Conversation with Jacqueline Lesschaeve. Marion Boyars Publishers Ltd., London, 2000.

Davidson, Rebecca, “Céline Dion, 51, steals the show in short bridal-style satin gown with dramatic billowing sleeves at Alexandre Vauthier Paris Fashion Show”. Mailonline. July 2, 2019. Online accessed, January 18, 2022. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-7205641/C-line-Dion-short-bridal-style-satin-gown-dramatic-billowing-sleeves-Alexandre-Vauthier.html.

Dick, Leo, “Music theatre as labyrinth: The extension of liminality in the production The Navidson Records by Till Wyler von Ballmoos and Tassilo Tesche.” Studies in Musical Theatre, vol. 11, UK & USA, June 2017 (no. 2), pp. 103-118. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1386/smt.11.2.103_1.

Dion, Céline, “Imperfections”. Songwriters Leff, Ari; Pollack, Michael; Perloff-Giles, Nicholas; Koehkle, Dallas. Producer of the song Koehkle, Dallas; video director Gabriel Coutu-Dumont. Length 3:59, September 18-26, 2019. Album Courage. Label copyright Columbia, New York, and other 8 musical societies holding the copyright, November 15, 2019. Online consulted, November 15, 2019, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8EokLztgMo&ab_channel=CelineDionVEVO

Dion, Céline, «Le ballet». Songwriter of the song, Goldman Jean-Jacques Goldman. Producer, Benzi, Érick, length 4:26. January 15, 1996. Album Dʼeux. Producers of the album, Goldman, Jean-Jacques, and Benzi, Érick. Copyright labels, Studio Méga, Paris & Columbia, and Epic Records, New York. Length 4:26. Released, March 30, 1995.

Dion, Céline, In https://medias.spotern.com/spots/w640/236/236461-1570028983. webp, Team Céline & Les Productions Feeling Inc., Montréal, & other societies holding the copyright, 2019.

Dion, Céline, In https://i.pinimg.com/564x/f9/98/59/f998590fa44b390bd2ee20475e 481c98.jpg, Team Céline, & Les Production Feeling Inc., & other societies holding the copyright, 2019.

Donen, Stanley (Director), Funny Face. Starring Hepburn, Audrey; Avedon, Richard et. al.. Producer Roger Edens, music created by Gershwin, George; Gershwin, Ira; Edens, Roger; edited by Bracht, Frank. Distribution copyright Paramount Pictures, February 13, USA, 1957.

*** Encyclopedia Britannica [2006]. Online, March 21, 2018, https://www.britannica.com/art/Gebrauchsmusik.

Feuerstein, Marcia; Read, Gray, Architecture as a Performing Art. Virginia Tech, USA & Florida International University, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London and New York, 2016.

Gadamer, Hans, The relevance of the Beautiful and Other Essays. Translated [after 1977, Philipp Reclam, Stuttgart Edition] by Nicholas Walker. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986.

Gadamer, Hans, La actualidad de lo bello: el arte como juego, simbolo y fiesta. Translation by Rafael Argullol, Ediciones Paidós, Barcelona, 1991.

Geczy, Adam, The Artificial Body in Fashion and Art. Marionettes, Models and Mannequins. Bloomsbury Academic, London 2017.

Grant, Gail, Technical Manual and Dictionary of Classical Ballet. 3rd ed [cited into the text]. Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1982. 1st ed. 1950, 2nd ed. 1967, 3rd ed. 1982.

Harrison, Charles, and Wood, Paul, Art in theory 1900-1990. An Anthology of Changing Ideas. Blackwell, Oxford UK & Cambridge USA, Blackwell, 1992.

Hepburn, Audrey, Photography “Audrey Hepburn with Poodle”. Lumas, Classic Collection II, date of publication 1954, 2020. Online consulted, January 19, 2022, https://hu.lumas.com/pictures/classic_collection_ii/audrey_hepburn-2/

Hepburn, Audrey, Photography “Audrey Hepburn with the actor Richard Avedon on the set of Funny Face in Paris, 1953”. Online consulted, January 19, 2022, https://www.buibiu.com/post/80952944903/audrey-hepburn-with-richard-avedon-on-the-set-of/amp.

Heidegger, Martin, Being and Time. A Transaltion of ʻSein und Zeitʼ. Translated from German to English by Joan Stambaugh. State University of New York Press, New York. 1996 [2010].

Hindemith, Paul, A Concentrated Course in Traditional Harmony: With Emphasis on Exercises and a Minimum of Rules Book 1. Schott, London & New York, 1970 [1968].

Hines, James R., Historical Dictionary of Figure Skating. Scarecrow Press, Inc., Lanham, Maryland, Toronto, Plymouth, UK, 2011.

Hopfengart, Christine (author); Okuda, Osamu (author); Klee, Paul (artist). Paul Klee: Hand Puppets. 1st Edition, Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern, 2006.

Hopfengart, Christine, Handpuppen. German Edition. Introduction by Marti, Andreas; Texts signed by Hopfengart Christine; Klee, Aljoscha; Klee, Felix; Okuda, Osamu; Osterwold, Tilma; Wiederkehr Sladeczek, Eva. Hatje Cantz & Hrsg. Zentrum Paul Klee, 2007.

Huxley, Michael, The Dancerʼs World, 1920-1945: Modern Dancers and their Practices Reconsidered. De Montfort University, Palgrave MacMillan, and Leicester, 2015.

Jeanneret, Charles, Abstract Composition. 1927. Online source, consulted 29 April, 2018, http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/artwork/18830.

Kant, Immanuel, The Critique of Pure Reason. Translated from German to English and edited, by Paul Guyer, and Allen Wood. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998.

Kater, Michael, Weimer: From Enlightenment to the Present. University Press Yale, Yale, 2014.

Klee, Paul, Abstract Ballet, 1937. In Zentrum Paul Klee, Bern. Permanent Collection.

Lahusen, Susanne, “Oskar Schlemmer: Mechanical ballets?”. In Dance Research: The Journal of the Society for Dance Research, vol. 4, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1986 (2), pp. 65-77.

Léger, Fernand, Constrasts of Forms. 1913. Online, consulted April 29, 2018, https://www.moma.org/collection/works/78788.

Levinson, André, La danse d’aujourd’hui. 1st ed., Éditions Duchartre et Van Buggenhoudt, Paris, 1929.

Levinson, André, La Argentina: essai sur la danse espagnoleavec 32 reproductions en phototypie [trans. La Argentina A Study in Spanish Dancing with 32 representations in phototype]. Éditions des chroniques du jour, Paris, 1928.

Levinson, André, Meister des Balletts, German 1st Ed., Müller & co., 1923.

Lissitzsky, El, New Man, 1913. Online source, consulted April 30, 2018, https://www.moma.org/collection/works/88312.

Malevich, Kazimir, Крестьянин в поле (trans. Peasant in the Fields). 2nd ʻPeasant Cycleʼ, 1929.

Malevich, Kazimir, Марфа и Ванька (trans. Marpha and Van’ka). 2nd ʻPeasant Cycleʼ, 82x61 cm,1929. Martínez, Merion Aitor. Cuando cuerpo y espacio fueron uno: El Ballet Triádico de Oskar Schlemmer [When the body and the space would be as one: the Triadic Ballet of Oskar Schlemmer]. Independently Publishers, 2017.

Papu, Egdar, Despre stiluri (About Styles). Minerva, Bucharest, 1986.

Partsch, Susanna, Klee. Taschen, Los Angeles, 2011.

Plato. Timaios. Translated into Romanian by Petru Creția and Cătălin Partenie. Științifică și Enciclopedică Publishing House, Bucharest, 1993.

Plato; Richard Dacre Archer-Hind, Τίμαιος. The Timaeus of Plato. Edited by Richard Dacre Archer-Hind. Library of the University of Illinois, Illinois, Macmillan and Co., and New York, 1888. Pdf: https://brittlebooks.library.illinois.edu/brittlebooks_open/Books2010-03/plato0001timpla/plato0001timpla.pdf.

Rosalind, Jana. “13 Items that Defined Audrey Hepburn’s Wardrobe.ˮ Published May 4, 2021. https://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/audrey-hepburn-style-file.

Said W., Edward. Music at the Limits. Foreword by Barenboim, Daniel. Columbia University Press, New York, 2009.

Schlemmer, Oskar, Triadisches Ballett. 1st Premiere, September 30, Suttgart Landestheater [nowadays, Staatstheater Stuttgart ], Stuttgart, 1922.

Schlemmer, Oskar, Escritos sobre arte: Pintura, teatro, ballet, cartas y diarios. In Series Paidós estética. Paidós Iberica Ediciones, Barcelona, May 1st 1987.

Schlemmer, Oskar. Triadisches Ballet. With music of Paul Hindemith, 2014. YouTube, consulted March 11, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlIiT80dqHE.

Scheper, Dirk, Oskar Schlemmer 1888-1943. Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 1988.

Trimingham, Melissa (Coord.). “The Theatre of the Bauhaus: The Modern and Postmodern Stage of Oskar Schlemmer.” In Melissa Trimingham et. al. (ed.), The Theatre of the Bauhaus: The Modern and Postmodern Stage of Oskar Schlemmer. 1st Edition. Routledge Advances in Theatre & Performance Studies Book16. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, Milton Park, Oxfordshire UK, New York & London, 2011 [2017], approx. 90-110.

Sheets-Johnstone, Maxine. The Primacy of Movement. Second edition, John Benjamins Publishing Company, University of Oregon, Amsterdam and Philadelphia, 2011.

Vauthier, Alexandre. Show by Vauthier. Paris Haute Couture Fashion Week. Paris, 2019. Online source consulted, January 18, 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duds2JsiagQ&ab_channel=C%C3%A9lineDionFrance.

Downloads

Published

2022-06-30

How to Cite

BISCHIN, M.-R. (2022). THE CHANGING OF THE AESTHETIC BALLET’S SPHERE IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD. BETWEEN THE DECONSTRUCTION OF OSKAR SCHLEMMER’S BALLET AND THE IDEA OF “GEBRAUCHMUSIK” OF PAUL HINDEMITH – AN IMAGISTIC ALLEY FROM OSKAR SCHLEMMER TO CÉLINE DION [1922-2019]. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Musica, 67(1), 71–97. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbmusica.2022.1.06

Issue

Section

Articles