“DARE TO THINK, DARE TO SPEAK, DARE TO ACT”: TRANSLATING POLITICAL SLOGANS IN MO YAN’S "FROG" FROM CHINESE INTO ROMANIAN, ITALIAN AND SPANISH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2023.1.17Keywords:
political slogan, ideology, translation, Cultural Revolution, Mo YanAbstract
Dare to Think, Dare to Speak, Dare to Act - Translating Political Slogans in Mo Yan’s Frog from Chinese into Romanian, Italian and Spanish. Slogans are some of the most typical elements of Chinese politics and a significant part of the important decisions took by the Communist Party are made known to the masses using slogans, such as “It is right to rebel!”, “Destroy the four olds!”, or “The most serious problem is to teach the peasants”. Participation in political life after the founding of the People’s Republic, in 1949, could be done only by employing slogans or formulae derived from the elite political discourse. The major impact of politics upon people’s lives has transformed the slogan from a manifestation of political authority into a manipulation tool used by people to make their counterparts react in a desired way. Mo Yan’s novel Frog (Wa/Broaște/Rana/Le rane) shows to what extent slogans can influence ordinary people’s lives, where the use of real political slogans or even make-believe slogans – discourse modeled to resemble a political slogan –, are either attempts by the characters to make their voices heard and participate into decision making, or small acts of rebellion against the system. Considering the culture specific character of the slogans, the fact that they were created into a very particular socio-political context, the paper analyzes the translations of the slogans in Mo Yan’s novel into three Romance languages, in an attempt to identify not only the techniques and the choices made by the translators, but also the possibility, or impossibility, to recreate the slogan and conserve its original impact into the target culture.
Rezumat. Îndrăznește să gândești, îndrăznește să vorbești, îndrăznește să acționezi. Traducerea sloganelor politice în romanul Broaște de Mo Yan, din chineză în română, italiană și spaniolă. Utilizarea sloganelor este una dintre trăsăturile definitorii ale politicii chineze, cele mai importante decizii ale partidului fiind adesea comunicate maselor sub formă de slogane, ca de exemplu celebrele „E corect să te revolți!”, „Distrugeți cele patru vechituri!” sau „Să educi țăranii este o problemă foarte serioasă”. După fondarea Republicii Populare în 1949, participarea la viața politică nu se mai poate face decât prin intermediul sloganului sau a formulelor fixe derivate din discursurile elitelor partidului. Importanța majoră a factorului politic asupra vieții cotidiene a transformat sloganul dintr-o formă de manifestare a autorității într-un instrument de manipulare utilizat de omenii de rând pentru a-i determina pe receptori să acționeze în felul dorit. Romanul Broaște, (Wa/Rana/Le rane) al scriitorului chinez Mo Yan, laureatul premiului Nobel, reflectă impactul sloganului asupra vieții omului de rând. Utilizarea sloganelor reale sau a pseudo-sloganelor – organizarea discursului după modelul sloganelor politice –, de către personajele din roman sunt fie încercări de a se face auzite, de a lua parte la deciziile politice, fie mici acte de răzvrătire împotriva sistemului. Ținând cont de caracterul local al sloganelor politice, lucrarea analizează traducerea acestora în trei limbi romanice cu scopul de a identifica tehnicile de traducere folosite, alegerile pe care le-au făcut traducătorii, precum și posibilitatea sau imposibilitatea recreării în cultura gazdă a impactul unui slogan în cultura sursă.
Cuvinte-cheie: slogan, ideologie, traducere, Revoluția Culturală, Mo Yan
Article history: Received 5 June 2022; Revised 10 February 2023; Accepted 20 February 2023; Available online 27 March 2023; Available print 31 March 2023.
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