“A STAR IS BORN”: GENDER, SOFT POWER AND BIOPICS IN COLD-WAR ROMANIAN CINEMA ("DARCLÉE", 1961)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2021.1.18

Keywords:

life writing, gender, Romanian cinema, Cold War biopic, musical film

Abstract

“A Star Is Born”: Gender, Soft Power and Biopics in Cold-War Romanian Cinema (Darclée, 1961). Obsessively interested in life writing from the periods of 20th-century dictatorships, Romanian post-communist culture has been dominated, with very few exceptions, by male authors. However, shyly, yet steadily, in this large-scale attempt to retrace and understand the traumatic past, there has been an opening in recent years towards women authors. Although few by comparison, these personal narratives are memorable. In terms of biographical novels and biopics, the most striking feature is the absence of such female representations. Departing from this context of gender oblivion and inequality, and considering the specificities of the life writing genre and its filmic representations, the current paper focuses on Darclée (Mihai Iacob, 1961), one of the very few biopics in Romanian cinema that revolves around a famous woman. Aside from being a rare, female-centered exception among Romanian biopics, the film is also noteworthy for its politicized content and therefore interesting to discuss in relation to the political context, the totalitarian regime present at the time in Romania and its cultural discourse. Despite dealing with a-turn-of-the-century figure of aristocratic and bourgeois origins, the film (with the wife of a communist leader in the leading role) is politically appropriated by the communist regime and announces National Communism in Romanian culture. The analysis will thus consider the political discourse employed in Darclée, with its unexpected nationalist emphasis, as well as the film’s strategies of representation as it covers, in a rare occasion, a female figure.

REZUMAT. „S-a născut o stea”: Gen, Soft Power şi film biografic în cinematografia română a Războiului Rece (Darclée, 1961). Interesul pentru genul biografic şi autobiografic, aproape excesiv în privinţa dictaturilor din secolul XX dar nu numai, a caracterizat în mod particular cultura românească post-comunistă. Şi acest gen, ca şi altele, a fost însă pentru multă vreme dominat de autori şi protagonişti masculini, cu prea puţine excepţii. Mai recent, oarecum timid dar constant şi convingător, au apărut în publicaţiile memorialistice şi diaristice vocile feminine, completând un efort concertat de a recupera un trecut traumatic. Cu toate că numeric aceste publicaţii feminine sunt mai puţine, ele sunt contribuţii memorabile. În privinţa romanelor biografice şi filmelor din aceeaşi categorie, cea mai izbitoare caracteristică este absenţa reprezentărilor şi protagonismelor feminine. Textul de faţă porneşte de la acest context al inegalităţii de gen şi marginalizării figurilor femine. Articolul analizează, în contextul specificităţii genului biografic şi autobiografic, unul dintre puţinele filme biografice din cinematografia română care au ca protagonistă o femeie celebră. Pe lângă raritatea sa ca film biografic centrat pe o figură feminină, Darclée (regia Mihai Iacob, 1961) este notabil şi pentru elementele de politizare, în contextul politic al momentului (regimul totalitar) şi discursul cultural al vremii. Cu toate că protagonista era o figură din Belle Époque cu origini aristocratice şi burgheze, filmul este apropriat politic de regimul comunist, de la distribuţie (soţia unui lider comunist în rolul principal) la anunţarea naţional-comunismului în cultura română. Textul analizează discursul politic aşa cum se întrevede în film, cu accente naţionaliste neaşteptate, precum şi strategiile filmului de a reprezenta, într-o ocazie rară, o figură feminină de „patrimoniu”.

Cuvinte-cheie: gen autobiografic, biografie, probleme de gen, cinematografie, filme biografice, Războiul Rece, film muzical

Author Biography

Andrada FĂTU-TUTOVEANU, “Babeș-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. E-mail: andrada.pintilescu@ubbcluj.ro

Andrada Fătu-Tutoveanu is a Lecturer at the “Babeș-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Between 2017-2019 she was a Lecturer at the University of the Balearic Islands, Spain, and is a member in the Media studies research group (RIRCA) since 2017. She holds a PhD (2009) in Philology and conducted a three-year postdoctoral research (2010-2013). Her work covers Cultural Studies, Media and Gender Studies, with a recent focus on female life-writing in Cold War Romania. Author of four monographs (among them Personal Narratives of Romanian Women during the Cold War (1945-1989), Edwin Mellen Press, 2015), book chapters and articles in international journals and editor of several volumes. She was a member in international research projects on internationalization (IntlUni, 2014 and EXPERT-– Heading towards excellent European universities, 2011-2013, in Košice, Slovakia, where she also gave lectures), a project manager or participant in different research projects. She was granted a STAR-UBB Advanced Fellowship in 2020. E-mail: andrada.pintilescu@ubbcluj.ro

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Published

2021-03-30

How to Cite

FĂTU-TUTOVEANU, A. (2021). “A STAR IS BORN”: GENDER, SOFT POWER AND BIOPICS IN COLD-WAR ROMANIAN CINEMA ("DARCLÉE", 1961). Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia, 66(1), 249–263. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2021.1.18

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