“THE STRENGTH OF THE(IR) ILLUSION” (MACBETH 3.5.27): TRANSMISSION OF MAGIC AND THE AMBIGUITY OF MAGICAL SPACES IN MACBETH AND THE TEMPEST

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2024.3.08

Keywords:

gender, performance, magic, thirdspace, transgression, transmission

Abstract

“The strength of the(ir) illusion” (Macbeth 3.5.27): Transmission of Magic and the Ambiguity of Magical Spaces in Macbeth and The Tempest. Starting from Ina Habermann and Michelle Witen’s 2016 taxonomy of space in Shakespearean drama, our paper focuses on setting and social/ gendered space. What we aim to discuss is how two of Shakespeare’s plays involving magic—namely Macbeth and The Tempest—associate various settings with witchcraft and magic, while also constructing space simultaneously as magical and political, a topophrenic “thirdspace” (cf. Tally, 2019; Soja, 1996), where disorder rules and where power relations in general, and gender relations in particular, are negotiated between ordinary characters and magic-wielding ones (the witches and Hecate vs. Prospero and Ariel, as well as Sycorax). The paper also discusses what “rough” magic is in these plays (a term used in The Tempest, first addressed critically by Robert Egan, 1972), roughness being, on the one hand, a reference to the impurity of the art employed, and, on the other, a nod to the transgression(s) implied by magic practices.

„Puterea iluziei (lor)” (Macbeth 3.5.27, t.n.): Transmiterea magiei i ambiguitatea spațiilor magice în Macbeth și Furtuna. Pornind de la cartea editată în 2016 de Ina Habermann și Michelle Witen despre clasificarea spațiilor în dramaturgia shakespeariană, lucrarea de față se concentrează asupra spațiului scenic și a celui social/de gen. Ceea ce ne propunem să discutăm este modul în care două dintre piesele lui Shakespeare unde apare magia—și anume, Macbeth și Furtuna—asociază diferite locații cu vrăjitoria sau magia, construind în același timp spațiul ca magic și politic deopotrivă, un „spațiu terț” și topofrenic (sau „thirdspace”, cf. Soja, 1996; Tally, 2019) în care domină neorânduiala, iar relațiile de putere în general, și relațiile de gen în special, sunt negociate între personajele obișnuite și cele care practică magia (vrăjitoarele și Hecate vs. Prospero și Ariel, precum și Sycorax). Lucrarea discută, de asemenea, ce înseamnă magia „aspră” în aceste piese (un termen folosit în Furtuna, abordat pentru prima dată în mod critic de Robert Egan, 1972), „asprimea” fiind, pe de o parte, o referire la impuritatea artei folosite iar, pe de altă parte, o aluzie la transgresiunea (sau transgresiunile) pe care le implică practicile magice.

Cuvinte-cheie: gen, magie, scenă, spațiu terț, transgresiune, transmitere

Article history: Received 01 March 2024; Revised 28 June 2024; Accepted 01 September 2024; Available online 30 September 2024; Available print 30 September 2024.

References

Bever, Edward. 2008. The Realities of Witchcraft and Popular Magic in Early Modern Europe. Culture, Cognition and Everyday Life. Basingstoke, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Brînzeu, Pia. 2022. Fantomele lui Shakespeare, vol. II, Editura Universității de Vest, Timișoara.

Butterworth, Philip. 2005. Magic on the Early English Stage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Corfield, Cosmo. 1985. “Why Does Prospero Abjure His ‘Rough Magic’?” Shakespeare Quarterly, vol. 36 (spring), no. 1: 31-48.

Culianu, Ioan Petru. 1999. Eros și magie în Renaștere. 1484. Iași: Polirom.

Culianu, Ioan Petru. 2003. Iocari serio. Iași: Polirom.

Curry, Walter Clyde. 2015 (1933). “The Demonic Metaphysics of ‘Macbeth’.” Studies in Philology, vol. 30, no. 3 (July): 395-426. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4172210.

De Grazia, Margreta, and Peter Stallybrass. 1993. “The Materiality of the Shakespearean Text.” Shakespeare Quarterly 44 (3): 255-283.

Duffet, Thomas. 1675. The Mock-Tempest, or The Enchanted Castle. At https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A36759.0001.001/1:6.2.1?rgn=div3;view=fulltext.

Gaskill, Malcolm. 2009. “Masculinity and Witchcraft in Seventeenth-Century England.” In Witchcraft and Masculinities in Early Modern Europe, edited by Alison Rowlands, 171-90. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Greene, Robert. 2020 (1594). The Honourable History of Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay. At http://elizabethandrama.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Friar-Bacon-Annotated.pdf.

Greenwood, Susan. 2013. Witchcraft: A History. The Study of Magic and Necromancy through the Ages, with 340 Illustrations. Dayton, Ohio: Lorenz Books.

Habermann, Ina, and Michelle Witen (eds.). 2016. Shakespeare and Space. Theatrical Explorations of the Spatial Paradigm. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Heywood, Thomas. Decker, Thomas. (1604?) The Merry Devil of Edmonton in A Select Collection of Old Plays. At https://archive.org/details/selectcollection009dods.

Jonson, Ben. 2022 (1616). The Devil Is An Ass and Other Plays. Oxford: Oxford World’s Classics.

King James The First. 2019 (1597). Daemonologie. Global Grey ebooks.

Papahagi, Adrian. 2020. Providence and Grace. Lectures on Shakespeare’s Problem Plays and Romances. Cluj: Presa Universitară Clujeană.

Pesta, Duke. 2004. “ ‘This Rough Magic I Here Abjure’: Shakespeare’s The Tempest and the Fairy-Tale Body.” Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts, vol. 15, no. 1(57): 49-60.

Shakespeare, William. 2020 (1600). A Midsummer Night’s Dream. In Arden Shakespeare. Third Series. Complete Works, edited by Ann Thompson, David Scott Kastan, H.R. Woudhuysen and Richard Proudfoot, 1007-1030. London and New York: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Shakespeare, William. 2020 (1605). Macbeth. In Arden Shakespeare. Third Series. Complete Works, edited by Ann Thompson, David Scott Kastan, H.R. Woudhuysen and Richard Proudfoot, 894-918. London and New York: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Shakespeare, William. 2006 (1611). The Tempest. In Romances and Poems, edited by David Bevington. Bevington Shakespeare Series. London: Longman.

Soja, Edward. 1996. Thirdspace: Journeys to Los Angeles and Other Real-and-Imagined Places. Cambridge, US & Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing.

Tally, Robert T. Jr. 2012. Spatiality. The New Critical Idiom series. London and New York: Routledge.

Tally, Robert T. Jr. 2019. Topophrenia: Place, Narrative and the Spatial Imagination. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Thompson, Ayana. 2010. “What Is a ‘Weyward’ Macbeth?” Weyward Macbeth. Intersections of Race and Performance, edited by Scott L. Newstok, Ayanna Thompson, 3-10. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Thurston, Robert. 2013. The Witch Hunts. A History of the Witch Persecutions in Europe and North America. London and New York: Routledge.

Westphal, Bertrand. 2011. Geocriticism: Real and Fictional Spaces. Translated by Robert T. Tally Jr. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Yates, Frances. 1999. The Occult Philosophy in the Elizabethan Age. New York. London: Routledge.

Zika, Charles. 2003. Exorcising Our Demons. Magic, Witchcraft and Power in Early Modern Europe. Leiden, Boston: Brill.

Downloads

Published

2024-09-30

How to Cite

ȘERBAN, A. ., & PERCEC, D. . (2024). “THE STRENGTH OF THE(IR) ILLUSION” (MACBETH 3.5.27): TRANSMISSION OF MAGIC AND THE AMBIGUITY OF MAGICAL SPACES IN MACBETH AND THE TEMPEST. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia, 69(3), 139–158. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2024.3.08

Issue

Section

Articles